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The purpose of this research is to assess the effect of several macroeconomic variables in preventing Pakistan from reaching its optimum level of growth by utilizing its resources efficiently. The independent variables are a set of variables that include employment, political stability in the absence of violence and terrorism, the log of CPI, and current account data from world development indicators and world governance indicators from 1996 to 2021. The findings show that political stability and employment have a positive connection with GDP, but current account and log CPI have a negative link with GDP.

This study focused on investigating the existence of Okun’s law in the SAARC region using panel data from 1990 to 2020. For empirical investigation, the study used the panel least square method. Results indicated negative but differentiated results from other studies in magnitude comparison. These findings supported many other studies in computing negative relation but is contradictory to Okun’s law prediction of (1:3) as a decline in GDP by 3% due to unemployment increase by just 1%. Still, in the case of SAARC countries, one percent rise in unemployment decreases GDP by just 0.047 percent. These findings conclude that SAARC countries are labour-abundant countries and most of the labour force engaged in agro based sector with decreasing marginal productivity. These findings also draw attention towards the shifting of labour force from lower marginal productivity to higher marginal productivity i.e. from agriculture to industry and hence total factor productivity.

Divert the public attention toward real problems in the form of obesity. To inform the public how obesity is bad for their health & age so they try to minimize obesity levels seriously. Awareness of knowledge that obesity is associated with other diseases is very dangerous. Awareness of how Obesity affects lifestyle and health. How Obesity effect work performance (WP) & work efficiency & obesity impacts income. Quantitative research method is implemented via survey strategy. The technical research approach using a self-made questionnaire & live conversations with participants was implemented. 250 respondents were targeted in a district of Pakistan & its related rural area, 200 responded including 175 males & 25 females respectively. According to the final results from a health perspective most affected group was 55+ years old people & less affected were 15-25 years old which means health complications are increased with age in Pakistan, On the other, if we have a glimpse into the causes of the obesity, most affected groups its habits 15-25 and 26-35 peoples habits are not upto mark standard high consumption of junk food, bad dietary habits, bad sleeping habits, in exercise is god, but the group age by 55+ years habits are good but they are very keen to watch TV shows & new media & less exercise. And if we compare economically the 55+ years people are richer & the first group 15-25 years have low income because most of the people are a student or either depends on their parents. So the economically wealthier people are more obese in general research & survey perception.

This research is important for enhancing our understanding of the economic dynamics in Pakistan and can contribute to evidence-based policy decisions for sustainable economic development. Previously, numerous investigations put more accentuation on the total public use as the significant wellspring of financial progress that is temporarily. Government expenses are essential and basic requirements of each state. This investigation analyzed government consumptions sway on financial progress. In this research time series data is used from1990-2019 in context of Pakistan. The variables which included in the study are economic growth rate as annual percentage of GDP used as dependent variable, while public expenditures on education, public expenditures on health, development expenditure, and Gross capital formation used as independent variables. To examine correlation among government expenses and financial evolution estimation techniques like ARDL model and CUSUM, CUSUM Square tests are utilized. This investigation supports us to comprehend permanent association among public spending and financial evolution. This exploration accomplishes amalgam outcomes, according to these outcomes’ development expenditures are directly and significantly related to economic growth. Moreover, impact of education expenses and gross capital formation on economic growth is positive but insignificant. This study shows that health expenditure has important but undesirable influence on GDP. Moreover, this research suggests that government expenditures can be used in appropriate way; inappropriate use of government expenditures would not be favorable for Pakistan economy.

This empirical research investigates the economic effect of portfolio investment on employment and economic growth in Pakistan. The study employed the Augmented Dickey-Fuller test and the Johansen co-integration technique on annual data sets from the year 1982 to 2019. The variables include labor force, trade openness, employment, portfolio investment, secondary school enrolment, inflation, and gross fixed capital formation. This study's significant findings suggested that portfolio investment has a confident impact on economic growth (GDP) and employment. The GDP growth rate is positively related to the labor force, portfolio investment, gross fixed capital formation, and secondary school enrolment, but have a negative relationship with inflation. Employment has a constructive association with portfolio investment, inflation, trade openness, and secondary school enrollment while a negative relationship with the GDP growth rate.