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Blockchain technology is a digital solution that could be used to address the challenges facing construction industry supply chains. The construction industry supply chains are largely opaque, lack transparency and lack coordination, making blockchain technology a potential digital solution. In the current study, the question of determinants of the adoption of blockchain in the supply chain management (SCM) sector in the construction sector of Pakistan has been studied in an empirical way. The data were gathered by a structured questionnaire that was given to the professionals in the supply chain and analyzed using the structural equation modeling (SEM). The facilitating conditions, performance expectancy, trust and social influence positively affect the behavioral intention with significant effect and effort expectancy has relatively weak effect. The results highlight the critical importance of organizational readiness, perceived performance improvements, and technological trust in blockchain adoption in construction supply chains. The study's findings extend the existing literature on the blockchain adoption, and add empirical evidence from an emerging economy context, enhancing the literature supply and providing actionable insights for construction firms interested in improving their inter-organizational coordination, supply chain efficiency and transparency by implementing blockchain.

This study introduces a novel theoretical framework to explain why income and wealth move on divergent paths across different socioeconomic groups during periods of stagflation. At the core of the model is the Inflation Adjustability Factor (IAF), a tool designed to quantify the extent and manner in which different types of income streams and asset classes respond to inflationary pressures and policy-induced shocks. The model decomposes material worth into indexed, flexible and nominally fixed components with distinct inflation adjustment elasticities. This creates systematic differences in inflation adjustability across different income and wealth groups which ultimately result in increased income inequality during stagflationary crises. Consequently, the model establishes a structural link from inflation, asset revaluation, and income rigidity to the redistributive consequences of macroeconomic instability. While the contribution is primarily theoretical, the framework offers empirically testable predictions for research on macroeconomic adjustment and distributive equity.