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Being the element of the second target of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), “Food Security” is a hot issue of present era. It is a topic of great focus of development researchers as it has crucial importance in the growth and sustainable development of nations especially for developing ones. The study examines the role of short-run and long-run supply side factors on the multidimensional concept of food security for developing countries. The study analyses the role of Food Imports (FI), Agricultural Value Added (AVA), Exchange Rate (ER), Logistic Performance Index (LI) and CREDIT by taking into considerations the aspects of income inequality, economic growth and agricultural exports. A rich dataset for 89 developing nations is used to reach at results. The paper employs Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR) to investigate the effects of supply-side drivers on all four dimensions of food security. The findings of study reveal a negative impact of FI on availability, access and utilization dimensions while show a positive effect on stability. ER and AVA exhibit a negative impact on almost all dimensions of food security. On contrary, the results indicate that LI positively impact all dimensions of food security. CREDIT also positively affects food security of developing countries. On the basis of results, the study also suggests some policy interventions to increase food security. Prioritization of sustainable agriculture sector, strengthening food supply chains through improvements in logistics system, enhancing credit facilities are pinpointed as key policies to enhance food security.

There is a favorable correlation between food, fiber, and shelter and overcrowding. As a result, the land is under strain, particularly the agricultural land. The purpose of this study was to learn more about the marketing system, land use conflicts, and agricultural land conversion in Hyderabad, Sindh District. Primary and secondary data were the two types used for the objective. Using the interviewing strategy, primary data were gathered from one hundred impacted individuals and one hundred occupants. The majority of respondents, according to the results, were employed (59%) and literate (70%) and belonged to nuclear families. Furthermore, the impacted community has reacted by saying that the bulk of people who sold their properties did so either because they did not receive the anticipated returns on their investments or because the prices rise. They have been prompted by the high prices for their lands or the anticipated returns from them. Residents have acknowledged that moving to an urban region has improved access to high-quality healthcare and educational opportunities. However, the loss of agricultural land due to conversion also has negative effects on the availability of food and fiber, degrades natural ecosystems, and accelerates urbanization. The findings also indicate that there were land use conflicts, possibly as a result of policy violations under the applicable land use statute. These conflicts included entitlement disputes, encroachment, and land grabbing. Thus, in order to avoid food insecurity in the future, agricultural land conversion must be regulated, particularly for urban extensions.

The motivation of the study is to determine consumer’s actual purchase behavior for solar panels (photovoltaic). Researcher collected the primary data using random sampling from Pakistan. In this regard, the quantitative research technique with deductive reasoning has been used. The data has been collected at two different times. The first time, 488 questionnaires were filled out by those consumers who had the intention to purchase solar panels, and the second time, responses were taken from those consumers who purchased solar panels from the same population. However, 408 responses were considered for analysis after elimination of outliers. The “Structural Equation Modeling” SEM has been carried out using Smart PLS version 4.0. The finding of the study suggested that predictor /exogenous variables include consumer’s perceived environmental knowledge (PEK), subjective norms (SN), and environmental concern (EC) has positive influence on endogenous variable e.g. Actual purchase behavior (APB) for solar Panels. Business professionals, marketers, Policymakers, organizations, and social media marketers can create a better policy by understanding the consumer actual behavior and perception towards energy conservation. This research is an effort to motivate consumers towards environmental sustainability by generating cleaner energy from solar panels. Consequently, businesses, governmental, private organizations, marketing sectors and learning institutions will find value in the study's conclusions.

A prominent contributor of emissions from carbon dioxide (CO2) is the transportation sector that accounts for nearly one-fifth of global carbon emissions. This study aims to investigate the impact of private vehicle ownership, foreign direct investments (FDI) and urbanization on CO2 emissions in Pakistan, using data from 1991 to 2020. The study considers the IPAT framework and applied the ARDL model to examine the short-term and long-term effects of private vehicle ownership, FDI, and growth in the urban population on CO2 emissions in Pakistan. The study findings showed a positive and significant nexus between CO2 emissions, private vehicle ownership, FDI, and growth in the urban population of Pakistan. It was estimated that an increase in private vehicle ownership, along with urbanization, will lead to increased CO2 emissions, and in the same way, FDI contributes to environmental degradation as it promotes more industrial activities that are usually based on fossil fuel consumption. The study, therefore, puts into perspective the need for sustainable policies to manage such environmental impacts of these factors. This provides major pointers to the policymakers in Pakistan with respect to the integration of strategies required to be counseled on the environmental consequences of private vehicle ownership, FDI, and urbanization.

This study aims to examine the relationship between digital leadership, digital resources (such as training and communication), and innovative working behavior. In order to gather data, researchers relied on several validated scales. These included a 6-item digital leadership scale (Zeike et al., 2019; reliability = 0.87), a 4-item digital communication scale (Na-Nan et al., 2019; reliability = 0.88), a modified 5-item digital training scale (Schmidt, 2004; reliability = 0.83), and a 4-item Innovative Work Behavior (IWB) scale (Nguyen et al., 2019; reliability = 0.70). Over the minimal sample size of 80 indicated by G*power analysis, 120 technological experts in Pakistan's Peshawar region were surveyed using a Likert scale (1–5). This sampling method was employed through non-probability convenience sampling. Consistent with earlier research, the results of PLS-SEM show that digital leadership, digital training and digital communication have a favorable impact on innovative work behavior. In order to promote innovation in the workplace, this study emphasizes the need of digital resources, specifically digital leadership, digital training, and digital communication. It also provides practical suggestions for improving leadership, training, and communication practices. Thus address the study's limitations, which include its cross-sectional design and the lack of gender representation, in addition to propose more studies to investigate these issues, as well as those that are specific to an industry and longitudinal.